Hybrid search for RAG: what BM25 actually bought us
We added BM25 to a dense retriever across ten probes. It moved two of them, and seven were already saturated. What that means before you build it.
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We added BM25 to a dense retriever across ten probes. It moved two of them, and seven were already saturated. What that means before you build it.
A benchmark that cannot fail is measuring whether you wrote a hard question. The armed-probe rule, and the counts that show whether yours is armed.
Changing the splitter recovered 19 of 25 answers. Adding overlap on top recovered 6 more, and none of them for the reason overlap is sold on.
Token accounting for a local RAG pipeline: what k costs, where prompt tokens go, what the template tax is, and the formula to price it on any provider.
A method for evaluating RAG that survives a real corpus: armed probes, controls first, and retrieval failures counted apart from generation failures.
Saturation, partial credit, abstention counted as a catch, and detectability without power. Four ways a RAG metric reports a result it did not earn.
We built the cheap guardrail, checking a cited chunk holds the value the answer asserts, then measured it against the answer failures of four configs.